财富共享哲学在当今世界尤其重要——美国大学生座谈《资本与共享三部曲》英文版侧记
编者按：
2018年6月上旬，美国罗格斯大学组织实施的“罗格斯大学2018年中国暑期项目”中，将座谈卢德之博士的《资本与共享三部曲》英文版作为重要的讨论内容。座谈会上，大家特别就书中提出的“资本精神”“资本与共享”“21世纪慈善”“共享文明”等理念进行了热烈的讨论。我们从中可以比较清晰地看到美国大学生对有关问题的深入思考及其鲜明的观点。现将座谈要点摘录并译成中文，供大家参考。
感谢美国罗格斯大学2018年中国暑期项目组供稿并翻译。
美国罗格斯大学中国暑期项目的大学生在中国
艾莉森巴赫:卢博士关于资本精神的讨论可能是一个很好的实验。在全球范围内，存在着资本的分离，从而产生了“有”和“无”的意识形态。然而，当富人承担更多的责任，比如回报社会，那么整个社会都会受益。通过提倡资本精神和物质分配，社会不平等程度可以被降低。
（Allison Bach: Dr. Lu’s discussion on the spirit of capital could be a good experiment. Globally, there is a separation of capital, thus creating the “have and have nots” ideology. However, when the wealthy take on more responsibility such as an increase, then all of society will benefit. By promoting, not only the ideal of the spirit of capital, but also the physical distribution, one can reduce social inequality.）
西尔维亚巴尔登:我同意卢博士的财富共享哲学，这个概念在当今社会是尤其重要的。没有共享，富人将保持富裕，但是穷人仍然贫穷。卢博士的概念有助于改变社会的经济模式，这一概念不仅在中国适用，而且在美国也值得借鉴。
（Sylvia Barden: I agree with Dr. Lu’s philosophy of sharing wealth with all. It’s a needed concept. Without collective sharing, the rich stay rich while the poor remain poor. This concept can help change society’s economic pattern, not only in China, but also in the U.S.）
蒂米尔布兰曲:在我看来，卢博士的哲学是一个伟大的想法。它在社会中创造了一种平衡，在这种平衡中没有人极度富裕或贫困。卢博士的行为表现出同情心和关心他人。我们在中国的机构访问也表明慈善是基金会存在的一个重要原因。在美国，富人往往吝啬。我认为他们应该回报社会，所以我喜欢卢博士的想法。我也尊重他的成功，因为它表明人们可以在回报社会的同时过上美好的生活。其他富人也应该采取同样的心态。
（Tymier Branch: From what I learned, Dr. Lu’s philosophy is a great idea. It creates a balance in society so that there is no one at the very top or the very bottom. Dr. Lu’s actions show compassion and care for others. The agencies visited in China have also shown that philanthropy is a large reason for the existence of foundations here. In America, the wealthy tend to be stingy. I think that they should give back, so I like Dr. Lu’s idea. I also respect his success because it shows that people can live a good life while giving back. Other countries should definitely adopt this same mentality.）
张佩盈:我认为我比其他受访者更有优势，因为我几个月前就能够读到卢博士的《三部曲》了。我有一张中国人的脸，但是我的英语流利程度远远超过我的广东话。我是一个美国出生的中国人，所以我是在西方文化中长大的。因此，读《三部曲》时，我的思维方式是源于一个高度资本主义和个人主义的社会，它源于新教的工作伦理和清教徒禁欲主义。就哲学而言，我个人的信念是，人们倾向于善良，但在一个丧失资本精神的资本主义制度中，仁慈和同情心不断受到工作和生存需要的挑战。仅仅是维持生命的行为就驱使许多人相互竞争。这两种看似对立的价值观之间的竞争似乎使得社会成员愤世嫉俗并始终秉持怀疑主义的生活态度。在我个人的经历中，我知道很多人似乎对别人的善良没有信心，逐渐地，他们也开始放弃自己的善良。我们怎样才能使资本精神焕发青春？我们如何改变人们的思想，让他们知道生活在一个资本主义社会中同时保持着资本精神是可能的？说服一个人对我来说已经困难重重，我们要如何改变整个国家的心态呢？此外，我认为当我们倡导财富共享时，资本主义社会中存在着相互竞争的价值观。资本精神听起来像是与精英政治理念相冲突。如果人们相信，在这个社会里每个人都能得到他们应得的，那么我们如何通过共享来证明慈善？换句话说，我担心人们会把许多受益者归类为“不值得”与其他社会成员共享财富，因为他们工作不够努力，这也是在美国我们制定了一系列条件限制社会福利覆盖范围的原因。
（Shannon Cheung: I think I have an advantage over the other respondents because I was able to read Dr. Lu’s trilogy a few months ago. I have a Chinese face, but my English fluency far exceeds that of my Cantonese. I’m an American-born Chinese, so I’ve been raised in western culture. Therefore, when reading the trilogy, I had the mindset that was born out of a highly capitalist and individualistic society which stems from Protestant work ethic and Puritan asceticism. As far as philosophy, my own personal belief is that people tend to be good-willed and good-natured, but within a capitalist system that has lost the spirit of capital, the urge to be benevolent and compassionate is constantly challenged by the need to work and to just survive. The mere act of sustaining life itself drives many to be competitive. This competition between two seemingly opposing values seems to bring about a lot of cynicism and skepticism in members of society. In my personal experience, I know many seem to have little faith in the goodness of others, and consequently, they, too, begin to give up on themselves. How do we begin to rejuvenate the spirit of capital? How do we change people’s minds and let them know that living in a capitalist society that also maintains the spirit would not be as ruthless as it currently is? Convincing one individual seems hard enough to me - how do you change the mindset of an entire country of people? In addition, I think that there are competing values when trying to promote collective sharing in a capitalistic society. The spirit of capital sounds like it conflicts with the idea of meritocracy. If people believe that in this society, everyone gets what they deserve, then how do they justify being philanthropic through collective sharing? In other words, I fear that people will categorize many beneficiaries as “undeserving” of the shared wealth because they aren’t working hard enough, so they will want to create requirements for receiving benefits, similar to how social benefits qualification works in America at the moment.）
朱尼厄斯卡门:财富共享是我最感兴趣的，因为目前美国的大部分财富被只占人口总数10%的人们掌控 ，而大多数公民仍然为获得日常生活费用而挣扎。这些数据反映了很多家庭无法获得财产财富，尤其是那些遭受阶级主义、种族主义、身体缺陷等挑战的人们。然而，通过财富共享，我们再分配资源，财富分配规模可以变得平衡，为所有人提供金钱和情感安全保障。
（Junie Escarment: Collective Sharing of Wealth was of most interest to me because currently the United States’ attainment of wealth is relegated to the top 10% of the population while the majority of citizens still experience challenges as it relates acquiring and maintaining everyday living costs. This phenomenon has exasperated the families’ ability to obtain property and gain wealth, especially those experiencing challenges based on classism, racism, ableism, etc. However, through intentional redistribution of resources through collective sharing of wealth, the scale can become balanced providing financial and emotional security for all.）
劳拉弗利格尔:我对财富共享最感兴趣。作为一名管理和政策方向的学生，我认为，预防我们国家面临的挑战最好的方法是制定一系列的行动方针而不是事后干预。这种模式似乎在斯堪的纳维亚半岛内部运作良好，因为他们遵循社会主义模式。居民支付更高的税，但每个人都受益。这是我听到集体分享财富时所想到的。每个人都应该帮助他们的邻居。
（Laura Fliegel: I was most interested in the Collective Sharing of Wealth. As a management, administration and policy student, I felt that prevention of the challenges our countries face is the better course of action opposed to just intervention. This model seems to work well within Scandinavia as they follow a Socialist model. The residents pay higher taxes, but everyone benefits. This is what I thought of when hearing about collective sharing of wealth. Everyone should help their neighbors.）
塔利莎亨利:分享财富是一个伟大的概念。富人将永远保持富有，因为他们把财富留给自己，因此穷人总是贫穷。我开始思考只占美国人口总数1%的那些处于财富金字塔最顶尖的富翁们是怎样处理他们的财富的。人们不断鼓励和推广涓滴经济学的思想，认为富人的财富最终会流向最贫困的人，但这种情况是不会发生的。卢博士的哲学坚持认为富人有责任帮助穷人减轻负担，这样社会就可以繁荣起来。这是一个好主意，我希望它在美国也会被采纳，因为没有任何形式的帮助，穷人将保持贫困。
（Henry: Sharing wealth is a great concept. The rich will always stay rich because they keep the wealth to themselves, and consequently, the poor will always stay poor. I think of how the top one percent in America has such a large majority of the country’s wealth. People have constantly encouraged and promoted the idea of trickle-down economics, where the wealth of the richest will eventually make its way down to the poorest people, but this does not happen. Dr. Lu’s philosophy insists that the rich have a duty to help carry the burden of the poor so that society can flourish. It’s a good idea and I wish that it would be adopted in the U.S. because the poor will stay poor without any sort of help.）
杰拉尔丁李:我想要更多地了解卢博士提出的三个概念，即：精神资本、财富共享和共享文明，这是基于利他的理念来分享财富。为此，我打算在不久的将来研究卢博士的这些理论。
（Geraldine Lee: I am motivated to learn more about Dr. Lu’s presentation of three concepts namely: Spirit of Capital; Collective Sharing of Wealth and Collective Civilization, which is based on an altruistic approach to sharing wealth. To that end, I intend to research this theory in the near future.）
贝丝莱文：考虑到中国的文化和政治背景，卢博士与我们分享的哲学对我来说并不难以理解。根据我的观察，共享文明是中国社会和文化所固有的东西，所以这个想法似乎是合理的发展方向。
（Beth Levine: The philosophy that Dr. Lu shared with us was not surprising to me considering the cultural and political context of China. From what I observed, collective sharing is something that is inherent to Chinese society and culture, so this idea seems like a reasonable next step.）
邦妮廖:我被共享文明的概念所感动。这一全球性的人道主义努力是跨越国家界限的。共享文明一定会使世界变得更美好，因为富裕的人们不再仅仅关注如何变得更加富裕。卢博士的国际团结实验跨越了阶级和社会地位，涵盖了全人类。当卢博士表达“当富人团结起来，穷人会受苦；穷人团结起来，社会冲突和革命会出现，但当各个国家和各个阶级的好人团结起来，每个人都会受益”时，我被深深的感动。
（Bonnie Liao: I was most moved by the concept of collective civilization. This global, humanitarian effort would be most beneficial to others spanning beyond the border of our country. Collective civilization would certainly make the world a better place when the wealthier population is willing to not only focusing on becoming richer. Dr. Lu’s experiment of international togetherness embraces all of humanity despite socio-economic status. I was most impressed when Dr. Lu expressed “When the wealthy unite, the poor suffer; when the poor unite, social conflicts and revolutions emerge; but when the good people unite across classes and countries, everyone benefits”.）
杰森梅勒:我感谢卢博士提出的整体概念，这是一种与西方概念相融合的中国方法。然而，我相信这可以在中国内部实施，而不是美国，因为这个概念让我想起了在美国不成功的涓滴经济学。然而，我相信，如果中国能够在小社区中首先实施观念，比如某个组织，那么我相信资本精神可能会起作用。在较小的社区中实践，如教堂或寺庙，共享文明的理念是可行的，因为如何理解共享文明以及如何实施共享文明是可控的。然而，如果有意向美国提出建议，必须小心不激怒右派或左派。
（Jason Mehler: I appreciated the holistic approach presented by Dr. Lu which is more of a Chinese approach merged with western concepts. However, I believe this can be implemented more within China, than USA as this concept reminds me of trickling down economics which was not successful in the USA. However, I believe if China is able to implement idea within small communities first such as house of worships or temples, the spirit of capital may work. By providing smaller communities with the end goal, the groups will be able control interpretation for implementation. However, must be careful if interested in presenting to USA and must be framed in a manner to not upset right or left parties. ）
布里亚罗马诺：我喜欢财富共享的概念。美国人民往往在获取财富后，不做任何好事。我们可以借鉴卢博士的哲学，用金钱来进步并发展人性。我们需要组建一个共同体来帮助每个人进步。卢博士提出的一些概念是复杂的，但最主要也最重要的想法是：用你挣得的钱来帮助人们。我也看到尽管卢博士在捐献自己的私人资金，但他非常谦卑。卢博士有自己的生活哲学，但不炫耀自己的财富，我非常尊重他。
（Bria Romano: I like the concept of sharing wealth. American people often seek out wealth without doing anything good with it afterwards. We can learn from Dr. Lu’s philosophy by using money to evolve and develop humanity. We need to work as a community to help everyone progress. Some concepts that Dr. Lu presented were complex, but the main idea - helping people with the money that you have earned - is important. I also saw that although Dr. Lu was contributing his own personal money, he appeared very humble. He clearly lives below his means and does not flaunt his wealth, and I respect that a great deal.）
（来源：中华善德网）
